Blood Pressure 109 Over 40–100: Which Are OK?
With an upper value of 109, the answer depends on your lower number. Here are all readings, sorted by what they mean.
On its own, a systolic (upper) value of 109 mmHg is Ideal (optimal) by the international categories (2023 ESH guideline) and Normal under the 2025 AHA/ACC guideline. The worse of your two numbers decides the category, so a raised diastolic (lower) value moves a 109 reading up, and a lower number below 60 makes it low: below 109/60 it counts as low, from 109/80 it counts as normal, from 109/85 it counts as high normal, from 109/90 it counts as stage 1, from 109/100 it counts as stage 2. Readings below 109/49 have a pulse pressure above 60 mmHg — a wide gap that is common after 60 and worth mentioning to your doctor.
Low blood pressure 109/40 to 109/59
Ideal (optimal) 109/60 to 109/79
Hypertension stage 1 109/90 to 109/99
Hypertension stage 2 109/100
What to do with a reading of 109 over …
A good upper value. Re-check at least once a year, and use the average of several readings rather than a single one. A lower number below 50 (from 109/49 down) is clearly low: measure again, and if it is confirmed or you feel dizzy, faint or confused, contact a doctor the same day. Keep your readings in a free blood pressure log and read how to measure correctly.
Sources: ESH 2023 guideline · AHA/ACC 2025 guideline.